Management and Quality of Working Life

"Gratitude is the heart's memory." Lao-tse

Overview and scope

The economic scenarios show great activities, changes and transformations in the operation of businesses, where its human resources has led to management to take into account in favor of ensuring productivity, belonging, to take all necessary precautions to ensure quality of work life that will benefit staff.

It is very true when it indicates that the dramatic changes that characterize the New Economy are reshaping the workplace. International competition requires innovative corporations, diverse and flexible. Additionally, consumers and investors make a lot of pressure for companies to generate fair working environments, products and powers.

The professor of organizational behavior graduate program of quality management and productivity of Faces, the University of Carabobo, provides participants with the relevance, scope, impact of modern management must take into account to ensure business wings Venezuela, especially SMEs, the commitment of management to give way to all actions, programs, enabling the worker a good quality of working life, more in a turbulent economic and political instability that the country faces.

The quality of working life is expressed by the man's satisfaction with the work done, reaching its climax when the work becomes their prime want, a state in which the motivation of human beings is the pleasure and the work performed.

It is known that the essential factor for attaining high job satisfaction is found in the richness of the content of work done and where intellectual elements are present, initiative, creativity, autonomy, variability and difficulty, and therefore the individual have to put maximum stress on the use of their working capacity.

In this regard, consider that the enrichment of work content product is a gradual process of development of science and technology, work organization, production and direction to remove the close division of labor, and allow people to develop their full potential.

Background

es.shvoong.com gives us, that the term "quality of life at work?, had its origins in a series of lectures sponsored in the late 60's and early 70's by the Ministry of Labor of the United States. UU. and the Ford Foundation. Attendees felt that the term went beyond the job satisfaction and included notions such as increased autonomy in the daily work and job redesign, and systems and organizational structures in order to stimulate learning, and successfully promoting interest and participation. In the 70's there was interest from some companies put it into practice, such as Try & Gambe, General Motors, etc., Which obtained successful results with the implementation of the quality of work life in their new plants. In the early 80's there was a major recession in the U.S., Asian competition that offered cheap products of good quality, great concern to American managers, so many of them chose to focus on quality and began to apply quality of life programs, including many public organizations did.

The quality of working life includes many factors: Satisfaction with the work performed; possibilities to have a future in the organization, recognition of the results achieved; wages earned, benefits achieved, human relations with the group and the organization, psychological and physical environment of work : Freedom and responsibility to decide.

What provides the quality of work life?

The engineering faculty at the University of Santiago de Chile in this regard indicates that the quality of work life refers to a positive or a negative work environment. The basic purpose is to create an environment that is good for employees, and contributes to the economic health of the organization. The elements of a typical program includes many aspects such as open communication, equitable system of rewards, interest in workplace safety and workers' participation in job design. Work life programs underscore the development of skills, occupational stress reduction, and the establishment of cooperative relationships between management and employees.

The quality of working life is an improvement over the traditional design of the work of scientific management, which focused primarily on the expertise and efficiency for small tasks. As it evolved, was using the total division of labor, a rigid hierarchy and standardization of the workforce to achieve its objective of efficiency. The aim was to reduce costs by employees who performed repetitive and unskilled work-

Consider further that neoliberalism led globalization is a new vision of the capital in search of further expansion and foreign investment position in the global market. Around this Chinese approach (2002) notes that neoliberalism is transformed into an ideological instrument in the service of transnational capital which guides the process of globalization to their advantage. The application of this current reverses the logical order of societies, imposing strategies such as privatization, downsizing of the state, deregulation, increased flexibility, among others.

That includes the quality aspects of working life?

You can note the following:

Satisfactory working conditions, work organization, safety, nutrition. Transportation, aesthetic work. Etc. The moral and material recognition appropriate and public achievements. Receive a salary commensurate with their labor supply (quality and quantity), which would cover their basic needs, eliminating all forms of egalitarianism in the distribution that each human individual has a choice without any discrimination for a job useful to your capacity and vocation The possibility of rising labor consideration to their ability, knowledge and business merits. Ensure the full dignity to all workers in recognition of the usefulness of the work done by the labor collective and society. The existence of a working environment characterized by solidarity, brotherhood, cooperation, mutual support and respect among all members of the group, particularly the relations between bosses and subordinates, discipline and legality. The existence of conditions for raising the vocational qualification and the cultural level.

Venezuelan reality

accessmylibrary.com said that as is provided by the Universidad Católica Andrés Bello, to enhance the labor market in Venezuela is not at all easy to implement actions, since we are aware that in the short term are not given the political and economic conditions initiate a process of reform, but it is our duty to call attention to it. The labor market in Venezuela reflects the characteristics of the Venezuelan economy has been dependent on oil exports for more than half a century. This dependence has deepened during the nineties as the product moves from oil accounts for 21% of GDP at the beginning of the decade, to 26% of GDP at the end of the decade (World Bank 2001). Given the current structure of the oil industry, the industry leader in competitiveness and productivity employs less than 2% of the employed population so that the Venezuelan economy has structural problems to generate productive employment (Orlando, 2000). The demand for labor depends in large part, the multiplier effect that has the oil industry (and government spending generated) in other sectors, especially trade and services, the proportion of workers employed has increased from year eighties.

Thus the dependence on oil means that the cycles that cause fluctuations in oil prices affect the demand for labor.

In short

With the relaxation, is placed on the responsibility to the workers out of the crisis affecting the economy, while capital is responsible for the control of labor relations. This control allows you to minimize labor costs, and establish the unstable and precarious employment, resulting in the loss of the rights of workers, being helpless before the elimination of collective bargaining, job security, social security, and others. This situation requires to integrate inadvertently affected the guidelines of the economy to survive in the labor market, thus remaining vulnerable to the new line of economic development, which generates structural unemployment, informal employment, economic and social precariousness the vast majority of the population. Management should engage more with the manifestation of the productivity for a better work-life quality that is currently facing. It should not be neglected.

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